... universe

This point appears to have been first emphasized by Nityananda (1990), although it is implicit already in Refsdal (1964).

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...$2\mathrel{\rlap{\lower3pt\hbox{$\mathchar''218$ }}\raise2pt\hbox{$\mathchar''13... ...rel{\rlap{\lower3pt\hbox{$\mathchar''218$ }}\raise2pt\hbox{$\mathchar''13C$ }}6$

Note that Fig. 4 does not show a probability distribution, unlike related plots in Oguri et al. (2002). The aim in Fig. 4 is simply to show the separation of $\varphi$ for quads and doubles.

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