... camera

Based on observations with XMM-Newton, an ESA Science Mission with instruments and contributions directly funded by ESA Member States and the USA (NASA).

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... layer

As you will see later, most of the K$_{\alpha }$ and K$_{\beta }$ lines of the mentioned atoms appear as fluorescence lines in the calibration spectra in Fig. 6.

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... operational

Observation is of course not possible, instrument data are not processed, but the detectors are still running. Extended instrument recovery times are avoided.

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... monitor

The low energy proton flare was still ongoing after the drop in count rate after 2.7 10⁴ s, but the camera was automatically switched off and the filter wheel closed because of the high number of counts.

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