Issue |
A&A
Volume 471, Number 2, August IV 2007
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 585 - 597 | |
Section | Stellar structure and evolution | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20066750 | |
Published online | 16 May 2007 |
The connection between gamma-ray bursts and supernovae Ib/c
1
Dipartimento di Fisica, Universitá di Trieste, via Valerio 2, 34127, Trieste, Italy e-mail: ebs@mpe.mpg.de
2
INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
3
Dipartimento di Astronomia – Universitá di Trieste, via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34131 Trieste, Italy
4
INFN, Sezione di Trieste, via Valerio 2, 34127 Trieste, Italy
Received:
15
November
2006
Accepted:
21
February
2007
Context.It has been established that Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are connected to Supernovae (SNe) explosions of type Ib/c.
Aims.We intend to test whether the hypothesis of type Ib/c SNe from different massive progenitors can reproduce the local GRB rate as well as the GRB rate as a function of redshift. We aim to predict the GRB rate at very high redshift under different assumptions about galaxy formation and star formation histories in galaxies.
Methods.We assume different star formation histories in
galaxies of different morphological types: ellipticals, spirals and irregulars, which
have already been tested in self-consistent galaxy models
reproducing both chemical and photometrical properties of galaxies.
We explore different
hypotheses concerning the progenitors of type Ib/c SNe: i) single massive stars (,
Wolf-Rayet stars), ii) massive close binaries (12–20
),
and iii) both Wolf-Rayet stars and massive binaries.
We conclude that the mixed scenario
(iii) is preferable to reproduce
the local type Ib/c SN rates in galaxies and we adopt this scenario for comparison with the GRB
rates.
Results.We find an excellent agreement between the observed GRB local rate and
the predicted type Ib/c SN rate in irregular galaxies, when a range for single Wolf-Rayet stars
of 40–100 is adopted.
We also predict the cosmic type Ib/c SN rate by taking into
account all the galaxy types in a unitary volume of the Universe and we compare it with the
observed cosmic GRB rate as a function of redshift.
By assuming the formation of spheroids at high redshift,
we predict a cosmic type Ib/c SN rate, which is
always higher than the GRB rate, suggesting
that only a small fraction (0.1–1%) of type Ib/c SNe become GRBs.
In particular, we find a ratio between
the cosmic GRB rate and the cosmic type Ib/c rate in the range
–
, in agreement
with previous estimates. Finally, due to the high rate of star formation in
spheroids at high redshift, which is our preferred scenario for galaxy formation,
we predict more GRBs at high redshift than in the hierarchical scenario for
galaxy formation, a prediction which remains to be
proven by future observations.
Key words: galaxies: evolution / galaxies: fundamental parameters / stars: supernovae: general / gamma rays: bursts
© ESO, 2007
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