Influence of magnetic fields on the coherence effects in the Nai D₁ and D₂ lines

¹ Institute of Astronomy, ETH Zentrum, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
² National Solar Observatory, PO Box 26732, Tucson, AZ 85726-6732, USA

Corresponding author: J. O. Stenflo, stenflo@astro.phys.ethz.ch

Received: 1 September 2000
Accepted: 12 December 2000

Abstract

To clarify the physical nature of the enigmatic scattering polarization in the Na i D₁ and D₂ line cores we have explored their behavior with full Stokes vector polarimetry in regions with varying degree of magnetic activity near the solar limb. These observations represent the first time that ZIMPOL II, the second generation of our CCD based imaging polarimeter systems, has been used for a scientific program. With ZIMPOL II the four Stokes images can be demodulated and recorded with a single CCD sensor such that the resulting images of the fractional polarization , , and are entirely free from spurious features due to seeing or flat-field effects. The polarization in the cores of the lines, in particular in D₂, exhibits dramatic and unexpected spatial variations in both and , including polarization self-reversals of the D₂ core peak. As the fluctuations in the Q, U, and V parameters appear to be relatively uncorrelated, we have parametrized the profiles and made scatter plots of the extracted parameters. Comparison with synthetic scatter plots based on different theoretical models suggests that the polarization signals in the cores of the D₂ and D₁ lines have different physical origins: While the D₁ core is likely to be governed by ground-state atomic polarization, the D₂ core is dominated by the alignment of the excited state and by effects of partial frequency redistribution.