ALMA-IMF - XI. The sample of hot core candidates: A rich population of young high-mass protostars unveiled by the emission of methyl formate

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Volume 687 (July 2024)

A&A, 687 (2024) A163

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Table 4

Catalog of the sources extracted from the moment 0 maps of methyl formate using the GExt2D algorithm.

ID	Name	RA ^(a)	Dec ⁽^a⁾	$S_{{M F}^{(b)}}^{peak}$ $\[S_{\mathrm{MF}^{(b)}}^{\text {peak }}\]$	S/N^(c)	$θ_{maj} \times θ_{min}^{(d)}$ $\[\theta_{\text {maj }} \times \theta_{\text {min }}^{(d)}\]$	PA^(d)	$θ_{m a j}^{d e c} \times θ_{m i n}^{d e c (e)}$ $\[\theta_{\mathrm{maj}}^{\mathrm{dec}} \times \theta_{\mathrm{min}}^{\mathrm{dec}(e)}\]$	PA^dec(e)	$F W H M_{M F}^{dec (f)}$ $\[F W H M_{\mathrm{MF}}^{\operatorname{dec}(f)}\]$	$V_{L S R}^{(g)}$ $\[V_{\mathrm{LSR}}^{(g)}\]$	%channels^(h)	Tentative classification⁽ⁱ⁾
		[h:m:s]	[°:′:″]	[mJy beam⁻¹ km s⁻¹]		[″ × ″]	[deg]	[″ × ″]	[deg]	[au]	[km s⁻¹]	[%]
G008.67

1	G008.67–MF1	18:06:19.01	−21:37:32.0	1696.2	35.9	1.11 × 0.88	85.2	−	−	1346.4	34.2 ± 0.1	13	HC*
2	G008.67–MF2	18:06:23.48	−21:37:10.5	850.9	25.6	1.12 × 0.87	107.8	−	−	1346.4	41.7 ± 0.1	8

G010.62

1	G010.62–MF1	18:10:28.67	−19:55:49.2	745.7	28.3	1.12 × 0.87	93.9	0.99 × 0.59	−83.2	3811.5	−0.8 ± 0.1	18
2	G010.62–MF2	18:10:28.70	−19:55:50.2	524.4	19.0	0.93 × 0.83	78.5	0.76 × 0.54	−88.8	3212.5	−3.2 ± 0.1	16
3	G010.62–MF3	18:10:28.62	−19:55:49.3	391.6	12.7	0.77 × 0.69	126.5	0.57 × 0.28	−64.9	2019.6	1.6 ± 0.1	26	HC*
4	G010.62–MF4	18:10:28.66	−19:55:48.6	372.6	12.3	1.01 × 0.71	86.0	0.87 × 0.33	−89.6	2653.2	−0.9 ± 0.1	9
5	G010.62–MF5	18:10:28.78	−19:55:49.5	321.9	14.7	1.34 × 0.96	93.0	1.24 × 0.73	−85.0	4727.2	−4.7 ± 0.1	6
6	G010.62–MF6	18:10:28.61	−19:55:47.7	216.9	12.4	0.84 × 0.76	119.1	0.66 × 0.41	−67.7	2613.6	−4.1 ± 0.1	6
7	G010.62–MF7	18:10:29.24	−19:55:40.9	117.0	10.8	0.67 × 0.49	97.2	0.44 × 0.40	−78.9	2098.7	−0.2 ± 0.6	7
8	G010.62–MF8	18:10:28.79	−19:55:51.0	50.6	4.8	0.62 × 0.60	95.5	−	−	1415.6	−3.4 ± 0.2	4
9	G010.62–MF9	18:10:28.74	−19:55:51.3	46.6	3.9	0.64 × 0.46	17.5	−	−	1415.6	−4.3 ± 0.2	4
10	G010.62–MF10	18:10:29.11	−19:55:45.4	46.5	6.1	0.62 × 0.62	−0.7	−	−	1415.6	−6.2 ± 0.1	3

G012.80

1	G012.80–MF1	18:14:11.83	−17:55:32.4	2439.2	107.0	1.37 × 1.04	73.3	1.04 × 0.77	75.1	2160.0	37.8 ± 0.3	12	HC*
2	G012.80–MF2	18:14:13.74	−17:55:21.4	427.2	22.8	1.55 × 1.18	73.9	1.27 × 0.54	75.2	1994.4	36.8 ± 0.4	5	HC*
3	G012.80–MF3	18:14:13.13	−17:55:40.2	282.6	17.3	2.13 × 1.42	62.4	1.93 × 0.61	66.1	2611.2	36.9 ± 0.2	3
4	G012.80–MF4	18:14:11.63	−17:55:34.1	162.7	6.1	1.40 × 0.93	90.4	1.06 × 0.89	84.2	2340.0	37.7 ± 0.3	1

G327.29

1	G327.29–MF1	15:53:07.79	−54:37:06.4	20680.0		2.85 × 2.71	70.1	2.73 × 2.59	74.1	6665.0	−43.5 ± 0.3	77	HC
2	G327.29–MF2	15:53:09.48	−54:37:01.1	455.6	9.6	0.82 × 0.77	−3 8		−	992.5	−46.7 ± 0.2	5	HC^*
3	G327.29–MF3	15:53:10.89	−54:36:46.4	260.0	10.0	1.00 × 0.77	97.4	0.64 × 0.27	−76.9	1047.5	−45.2 ± 0.4	1

G328.25

1	G328.25–MF1	15:57:59.80	−53:58:00.7	2596.9	−	1.42 × 1.02	−74.1	1.23 × 0.80	−68.2	2490.0	−40.0 ± 0.1	14	HC^*
_	G328.25–shock1^(*)	15:57:59.83	−53:58:00.7										shock
_	G328.25–shock2^(*)	15:57:59.76	−53:58:00.8										shock

G333.60

1	G333.60–MF1	16:22:11.05	−50:05:56.5	406.7	21.5	0.94 × 0.82	49.4	0.56 × 0.43	47.4	2091.6	−52.7 ± 0.1	14	HC^*
2	G333.60–MF2	16:22:08.55	−50:06:12.4	79.8	6.4	0.77 × 0.51	125.5	0.32 × 0.53	−51.4	1755.6	−46.1 ± 0.7	4	HC^*

G337.92

1	G337.92–MF1	16:41:10.42	−47:08:03.5	4899.7	50.1	1.31 × 0.96	116.0	1.12 × 0.53	−61.1	2095.2	−40.4 ± 0.1	62	HC
2	G337.92–MF2	16:41:10.49	−47:08:02.5	2124.8	28.5	1.15 × 1.08	23 4	0.87 × 0.80	−32.3	2270.7	−40.4 ± 0.1	18
3	G337.92–MF3	16:41:10.37	−47:08:02.7	1946.7	24.6	1.06 × 0.96	6.4	0.77 × 0.60	−23.9	1852.2	−38.2 ± 0.1	22	HC^*
4	G337.92–MF4	16:41:10.51	−47:08:03.4	1623.9	15.6	0.98 × 0.81	71.9	0.64 × 0.35	−86.2	1282.5	−42.8 ± 0.6	54
5	G337.92–MF5	16:41:10.38	−47:08:04.7	806.0	6.8	1.10 × 0.85	−216.0	0.88 × 0.29	−40.6	1385.1	−41.0 ± 0.1	6
6	G337.92–MF6	16:41:10.46	−47:08:01.6	612.0	12.0	1.12 × 0.75	72.8	0.83 × 0.21	81.9	1136.7	−38.7 ± 0.1	10
7	G337.92–MF7	16:41:10.46	−47:08:05.8	223.2	6.7	0.79 × 0.75	40.9	−	−	988.2	−40.6 ± 0.1	4

G338.93

1	G338.93–MF1	16:40:34.01	−45:42:07.3	3977.6	57.3	1.05 × 0.97	92.3	0.79 × 0.59	87.3	2675.4	−63.7 ± 0.1	25	HC^*
2	G338.93–MF2	16:40:34.13	−45:41:36.3	2229.0	67.3	0.89 × 0.84	66.4	0.56 × 0.34	74.1	1727.7	−61.2 ± 0.3	17	HC
3	G338.93–MF3	16:40:33.54	−45:41:37.3	1046.0	51.1	1.12 × 0.99	53.6	0.87 × 0.63	61.2	2913.3	−61.4 ± 0.1	15	HC^*
4	G338.93–MF4	16:40:34.25	−45:41:37.1	493.7	31.4	0.83 × 0.73	229.6	−	−	1419.6	−60.0 ± 0.2	10	HC^*
5	G338.93–MF5	16:40:33.71	−45:42:09.8	121.5	4.8	1.00 × 0.67	64.7	0.72 × 0.35	67.4	1977.3	−63.5 ± 0.1	4

G351.77

1	G351.77–MF1	17:26:42.58	−36:09:16.7	14392.7	27.9	2.05 × 1.54	92.9	1.87 × 1.10	−88.0	2882.0	−7.4 ± 0.1	54	HC^*
2	G351.77–MF2	17:26:42.43	−36:09:18.8	9804.6	34.6	2.27 × 1.72	112 5	2.09 × 1.36	−71.4	3388.0	−2.4 ± 0.1	55	HC
3	G351.77–MF3	17:26:42.41	−36:09:17.4	8855.3	23.7	1.95 × 1.52	128.6	1.71 × 1.14	−59.4	2800.0	−1.9 ± 0.1	45	HC
4	G351.77–MF4	17:26:42.67	−36:09:18.5	8059.5	24.6	1.79 × 1.19	61.7	1.56 × 0.58	66.7	1904.0	−6.0 ± 0.1	21
5	G351.77–MF5	17:26:42.80	−36:09:20.5	302.1	2.4	0.76 × 0.53	61.8	0.91 × 0.40	77.9	1212.0	−4.8 ± 0.3	2

G353.41

1	G353.41–MF1	17:30:28.44	−34:41:47.7	360.1	6.1	1.09 × 0.74	−228.0	0.72 × 0.56	−69.7	1288.0	−19.1 ± 3.6	3

W43-MM1

1	W43-MM1–MF1(4)	18:47:46.99	−01:54:26.4	8661.5	76.3	1.09 × 0.95	66.2	0.96 × 0.71	79.2	4576.0	101.8 ± 0.1	76	HC
2	W43-MM1–MF2(1)	18:47:47.03	−01:54:27.0	4822.0	33.5	0.91 × 0.78	58.6	0.75 × 0.48	77.7	3327.5	99.6 ± 0.1	53	HC
3	W43-MM1–MF3(2)	18:47:46 84	−01:54:29.3	3043.8	74.4	0.70 × 0.59	99.6	0.51 × 0.29	−80.8	2123.0	99.5 ± 0.2	70	HC
4	W43-MM1–MF4(3)	18:47:46.37	−01:54:33.5	1000.3	31.8	0.73 × 0.65	74.4	−	−	1545.5	97.2 ± 0.1	36	HC
5	W43-MM1–MF5(5)	18:47:46.76	−01:54:31.2	575.8	41.9	0.72 × 0.53	91.6	0.54 × 0.37	−85.0	2502.5	98.9 ± 1.0	22	HC*
6	W43-MM1–MF6(11)	18:47:46.51	−01:54:24.2	554.4	40.8	0.67 × 0.50	97.9	0.47 × 0.42	−81.6	2453.0	93.9 ± 0.2	34
7	W43-MM1–MF7(10)	18:47:46.90	−01:54:30.0	212.6	12.8	0.84 × 0.56	136.5	0.65 × 0.24	−55.3	2205.5	100.6 ± 0.2	19
8	W43-MM1–MF8(9)	18:47:46.47	−01:54:32.6	412.3	14.1	0.67 × 0.56	124.8	0.45 × 0.31	−71.2	2084.5	96.2 ± 0.3	20	HC*
9	W43-MM1–MF9	18:47:44.77	−01:54:45.2	128.5	12.1	0.64 × 0.44	102.1	0.49 × 0.42	−79.4	2519.0	95.2 ± 0.1	13
10	W43-MM1–MF10	18:47:46.53	−01:54:23.1	90.9	7.0	0.62 × 0.41	89.4	0.50 × 0.39	−86.0	2475.0	97.1 ± 0.2	17	HC*
11	W43-MM1–MF11	18:47:47.00	−01:54:30.7	89.3	8.1	0.64 × 0.45	92.2	0.42 × 0.47	−84.4	2475.0	100.1 ± 0.3	15	HC*
12	W43-MM1–MF12	18:47:46.88	−01:54:25.8	88.2	3.6	0.52 × 0.42	216.8	−	−	1545.5	99.4 ± 0.1	11
13	W43-MM1–MF13	18:47:46.25	−01:54:33.4	50.0	4.7	0.90 × 0.60	108.0	0.76 × 0.26	−74.8	2458.5	97.2 ± 0.1	11
14	W43-MM1–MF14	18:47:46.96	−01:54:29.7	49.0	2.6	0.56 × 0.37	89.8	0.54 × 0.29	−85.3	2194.5	100.9 ± 0.3	16

W43-MM2

1	W43-MM2–MF1	18:47:36.79	−02:00:54.2	4459.6	80.9	1.04 × 0.94	−33.2	0.88 × 0.73	−49.4	4444.0	88.6 ± 0.1	62	HC
2	W43-MM2–MF2	18:47:36.70	−02:00:47.6	71.3	16.4	0.82 × 0.55	93.9	0.64 × 0.30	−84.5	2420.0	89.9 ± 0.7	3
3	W43-MM2–MF3	18:47:36.27	−02:00:50.7	46.3	6.3	0.63 × 0.42	110.9	0.46 × 0.36	−72.9	2255.0	91.0 ± 0.3	1

W43-MM3

1	W43-MM3–MF1	18:47:39.26	−02:00:28.1	175.8	16.1	0.86 × 0.78	29.1	0.61 × 0.48	51.6	2981.0	94.8 ± 1.7	13
2	W43-MM3–MF2	18:47:41.71	−02:00:28.6	76.7	16.8	0.78 × 0.64	103.1	−	−	1688.5	92.8 ± 0.3	10	HC^*
3	W43-MM3–MF3	18:47:41.73	−02:00:27.5	23.0	4.9	0.87 × 0.58	98.4	0.65 × 0.30	−84.0	2464.0	93.2 ± 0.3	2

W51-E

1	W51-E–MF1	19:23:43.97	14:30:34.5	4215.0	−	2.74 × 2.32	23.9	2.71 × 2.27	24.1	13435.2	56.3 ± 0.3	73	HC
2	W51-E–MF2	19:23:43.87	14:30:27.3	2119.5	40.9	1.14 × 0.95	114.6	1.04 × 0.89	−66.9	5211.0	54.9 ± 0.8	65	HC^*
3	W51-E–MF3	19:23:43.88	14:30:27.9	1794.7	26.5	0.88 × 0.78	314.7	0.76 × 0.69	−33.1	3936.6	60.0 ± 0.5	72	HC
4	W51-E–MF4	19:23:43.74	14:30:21.4	81.5	10.7	0.67 × 0.45	24.5	0.57 × 0.08	25.9	1188.0	62.7 ± 0.1	7
5	W51-E–MF5	19:23:43.84	14:30:24.5	73.6	8.6	0.83 × 0.74	−36.8	0.71 × 0.63	−18.3	3634.2	58.1 ± 0.5	9	HC^*
6	W51-E–MF6	19:23:43.80	14:30:19.6	40.9	10.2	0.82 × 0.66	102.0	0.69 × 0.55	−86.4	3337.2	58.4 ± 0.1	3
7	W51-E–MF7	19:23:43.82	14:30:23.3	31.9	3.1	0.75 × 0.56	81.1	0.63 × 0.39	70.6	2683.8	61.6 ± 0.8	4	HC^*

W51-IRS2

1	W51-IRS2–MF1	19:23:40.00	14:31:05.5	10097.2	57.0	1.37 × 1.13	138.3	1.24 × 0.94	−39.0	5837.4	58.3 ± 0.3	73	HC
2	W51-IRS2–MF2	19:23:39.82	14:31:05.0	5162.1	47.8	0.96 × 0.89	57.2	0.72 × 0.68	38.5	3796.2	61.1 ± 0.1	73	HC
3	W51-IRS2–MF3	19:23:40.04	14:31:04.9	3049.0	15.8	1.25 × 1.01	69.9	1.08 × 0.84	69.7	5151.5	56.8 ± 0.5	72	HC
4	W51-IRS2–MF4	19:23:39.95	14:31:05.2	2933.2	15.4	1.1 × 0.83	2.8	0.94 × 0.54	0.5	3882.6	58.8 ± 0.1	48	HC
5	W51-IRS2–MF5	19:23:39.74	14:31:05.3	2716.2	29.5	0.89 × 0.83	−17.4	0.68 × 0.54	−18.0	3288.6	63.0 ± 0.4	40	HC
6	W51-IRS2–MF6	19:23:38.57	14:30:41.8	1720.5	91.2	0.71 × 0.64	−23.6	−	−	1630.8	62.6 ± 0.1	23	HC
7	W51-IRS2–MF7	19:23:39.50	14:31:03.3	105.3	8.5	0.65 × 0.59	−130.1	−	−	1630.8	63.7 ± 0.9	7
8	W51-IRS2–MF8	19:23:41.81	14:30:54.9	84.7	5.4	0.71 × 0.47	−13.6	0.43 × 0.43	−14.8	2305.7	55.2 ± 0.6	9
9	W51-IRS2–MF9	19:23:38.42	14:30:36.6	52.4	5.0	1.04 × 0.85	15.1	0.86 × 0.59	9.3	3850.2	60.8 ± 0.2	5

Notes. The peak position^(a), peak intensity^(b), signal-to-noise ratio^(c), major and minor axes^(d) as well as position angle^(d) of the 2D Gaussian, are derived using GExt2D, except for the brightest source of G327.29, G328.25 and W51-E, where the peak position of the methyl formate emission is set as the position of the brightest compact continuum core. In the cases of G328.25, G328-shock1, and G328–shock2, the asterisk indicates the peak positions of the methyl formate emission initially extracted by GExt2D, which correspond to accretion shocks (see Fig. 4, as well as Csengeri et al. 2018). The major and minor axes^(e) and position angle^(e) deconvolved from the line cube beam size as explained in Appendix E. The mean deconvolved source size^(f) of the methyl formate emission is computed at the distance of each protocluster. When the deconvolved source size falls below the minimum size set for each protocluster (see Sect. 5.3), then the deconvolved major and minor axes, as well as the position angle values are left blank, and the mean deconvolved source size of the methyl formate emission $({F W H M}^{{d e c}_{M F}})$ $\[\left(\mathrm{FWHM}^{\mathrm{dec}_{\mathrm{MF}}}\right)\]$ is set to half the synthesized beam size of the line cube. The rest velocity^(g) of the source is derived from the fits to the three CH₃OCHO lines that are not contaminated by DCO⁺ and the uncertainty represents the standard deviation. Percentage of the total number of channels^(h) per spw that contain emission above the 3σ noise level (Sect. 3.3). The last column⁽ⁱ⁾ indicates the methyl formate sources tentatively classified as hot cores (HC) based on their mass >8 M_⊙. The sources with their lowest estimated mass <8 M_⊙ are marked with a star (HC*). The sources previously identified toward W43-MM1 in Paper IV are indicated in parentheses in the second column after the source name.

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