Retrieved temperature and mixing ratios from five spectral regions with R = 100 000 and S/N = 10. In each panel, the first plot compares the best fit predicted spectrum (solid red line) with the simulated observations (black). The second plot is the temperature distribution as a function of atmospheric pressure (solid blue line) and with error bars shown as shaded areas. The red crosses and green dashed line are the true solution and initial guess, respectively. The third plot shows averaging kernels derived for the temperature distribution. Here averaging kernels for different atmospheric depths are randomly color-coded for clarity. The next four plots are the values of the retrieved mixing ratios of four molecular species (color-coded as in the first plot). The mixing ratios were assumed to be constant with atmospheric depth, and we show their values on the y-axis.