| Heating | Cooling |
| photoelectric heating (dust & PAH) | [CII] 158 |
| collisional de-excitation of vib. excited H2 | [OI] 63, 145 |
| H2 dissociation | [CI] 370, 610 |
| H2 formation | [SiII] 35 |
| CR ionization | CO, H2O, OH, H2 |
| gas-grain collisions | Ly |
| dissipation of turbulence | gas-grain collisions |