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Figure 1:
Spectrum of WR 61 (solid line), together with the WNE grid
model 09-14 (![]() ![]() |
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Figure 2:
Parameters of the Galactic WN stars (labels: WR-Numbers). Shown
is the "transformed radius'' ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 3:
Spectral energy distribution (SED). The IUE observation (noisy
line) and photometry in b, ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 4: Absolute visual magnitudes of Galactic WN stars with known distance. The dark (red) symbols refer to stars with detectable hydrogen, while symbols with light (green) filling stand for hydrogen-free stars. The thick lines indicate the relations which we adopted for stars of unknown distance. |
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Figure 5:
Galactic position of the analyzed WN stars. The meaning of the
symbols is the same as in Fig. 2. Stars with distances
known from cluster/association membership are represented by bigger
symbols, while smaller symbols rely on our ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 6: Empirical mass-loss rate versus luminosity for the Galactic WN stars. Dark (red) filled symbols refer to stars with detectable hydrogen (WNL), while light (green) filled symbols denote hydrogen-free stars (WNE). The thick straight lines correspond to the mass loss - luminosity relation proposed by Nugis & Lamers (2000) for hydrogen-free WN stars (upper line) and for a hydrogen mass fraction of 40% (lower line). |
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Figure 7:
Observed line profiles of WR 2 (solid line), compared to a
model without rotation (dashed) and after convolution corresponding to
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Figure 8: Hertzprung-Russell diagram of the Galactic WN stars. The bigger symbols refer to stars whose distances are known from cluster/association membership. The filling color reflects the surface composition (dark/red: with hydrogen; light/green: hydrogen-free). The symbol shapes are coding for the spectral subtype (see inlet). A little arrow indicates that this particular star might be actually hotter because of the parameter degeneracy discussed in Sect. 4.1. |
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Figure 9: Hertzprung-Russell diagram with the analyzed WN stars, now omitting the close binaries. The symbols have the same meaning as in Fig. 8. The evolutionary tracks from Meynet & Maeder (2003) account for the effects of rotation (labels: initial mass). Thick lines refer to the different WR phases (see inlet). |
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Figure 10: Hertzprung-Russell diagram with the analyzed WN stars, now omitting the close binaries. The symbols have the same meaning as in Fig. 8. This set of evolutionary tracks from Meynet & Maeder (2003) is calculated for zero rotation (labels: initial mass). Thick lines refer to the different WR phases (see inlet). |
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Figure 11:
Comparison of the Galactic WN stars with synthetic
populations. Top-left panel: HRD of the analyzed Galactic WN
stars (see Fig. 8 for the meaning of the symbols). Close
binaries are omitted. Other panels: synthetic WN
population, based on the Geneva tracks (Meynet & Maeder 2003).
The filling color reflects the surface composition (dark/red: with
hydrogen; light/green: almost hydrogen-free). The synthetic
populations are for different assumptions as indicated in the plots.
Top-right panel:
evolution with rotation, Salpeter IMF (![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 12:
Model: WNE 14-18, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 13:
Model: WNE 16-16, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 14:
Individual Model: WNL 12-09, ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 15:
Model: WNE 12-18, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 16:
Model: WNE 14-18, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 17:
Model: WNL 09-09, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 18:
Model: WNL 06-11, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 19:
Model: WNL 06-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 20:
Model: WNE 14-18, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 21:
Model: WNE 09-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 22:
Individual Model: 06-08, ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 23:
Individual Model: 07-08, ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 24:
Individual Model: 07-06, ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 25:
Model: WNL 07-09, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 26:
Model: WNE 09-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 27:
Model: WNL 08-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 28:
Model: WNE 12-19, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 29:
Model: WNE 13-17, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 30:
Model: WNL 06-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 31:
Model: WNE 11-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 32:
Individual Model: WNE 14-13 ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 33:
Model: WNL 08-11, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 34:
Model: WNE 10-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 35:
Model: WNE 09-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 36:
Model: WNE 08-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 37:
Model: WNE 09-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 38:
Model: WNE 10-17, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 39:
Model: WNE 06-10, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 40:
Model: WNL 06-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 41:
Model: WNE 08-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 42:
Model: WNE 08-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 43:
Model: WNE 08-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 44:
Model: WNE 09-15, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 45:
Model: WNL 07-11, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 46:
Model: WNL 08-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 47:
Model: WNE 07-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 48:
Individual Model: 07-10, ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 49:
Model: WNL 06-08, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 50:
Model: WNL 05-07, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 51:
Model: WNE 10-17, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 52:
Model: WNE 08-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 53:
Model: WNE 11-18, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 54:
Model: WNL 04-10, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 55:
Model: WNL 07-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 56:
Model: WNL 05-07, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 57:
Model: WNE 10-16, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 58:
Model: WNE 07-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 59:
Model: WNL 05-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 60:
Model: WNE 07-13, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 61:
Model: WNE 06-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 62:
Model: WNL 06-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 63:
Model: WNL 10-10, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 64:
Model: WNE 09-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 65:
Model: WNL 06-11, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 66:
Model: WNL 06-08, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 67:
Model: WNE 09-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 68:
Model: WNL 10-16, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 69:
Model: WNL 05-12, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 70:
Model: WNL 05-08, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 71:
Model: WNE 09-14, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 72:
Model: WNL 11-10, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 73:
Model: WNL 05-10, ![]() ![]() |
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Figure 74:
Model: WNL 06-09, ![]() ![]() |
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