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Figure 1: Solutions for the linear perturbation differential equation. Left panel: Antisymmetric solution for model B05. Right panel: Symmetric solution for model D20. Vertical lines stand for the perturbed wavenumbers in the numerical simulations (from left to right: k0, k1, k2 and k3). Let us note that the fundamental mode does not appear in the right panel, as its growth rates are lower than the scale of the plot. |
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Figure 2: Specific modes of solutions shown in Fig. 1, symmetric solution for model D20. Dotted line: first body mode; dashed: second body mode; dash-dot: twentieth body mode; dash-triple dot: twenty-fifth body mode. Arows point to both the broad maxima and the small wavenumber peaks present in every single mode. Low wavenumber peaks of high order body modes show higher growth rates and are thus defined as (shear layer) resonances. |
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Figure 3:
Evolution of the relative amplitudes of perturbations.
Dotted line: pressure perturbation (
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Figure 4: Upper panels: pressure ( left) and perpendicular velocity perturbation ( right) at late stages of linear phase (model D20). Lower panels: pressure ( left) and perpendicular velocity perturbation ( right) corresponding to one resonant mode from linear analysis. The linear, grey scale is arbitrary. Amplitudes are maxima at the shear layer, hence the name of shear layers resonances given to these modes. Oblique waves in upper panels are the result of longer wavelength perturbations, not present in the bottom panels. |
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Figure 5:
Snapshots of logarithm of pressure ( left) and Lorentz factor
( right) for models B2.5 ( upper panels), D05
( center panels) and D10 ( bottom panels) at
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Figure 6:
Transversal Mach number in simulations (see text for
definition). Solid line:
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Figure 7: Evolution of the mean width of the jet/ambient mixing layer (for tracer values between 0.05 and 0.95) with time for all simulations. Lines represent the same models as in Fig. 6. A value of 5 Rj for the width of the mixing layer (horizontal dashed line) serves to classify the evolution of the different models. |
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Figure 8: Evolution of the normalized total longitudinal momentum in the jet as a function of time. Lines represent the same models as in Fig. 6. The long-dashed horizontal line identifies those models transferring more than 50% of the initial jet momentum to the ambient. |
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Figure 9: Evolution of the normalized total transversal momentum in the jet as a function of time for all the simulations. Lines represent the same models as in Fig. 6. |
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Figure 10: Snapshot at the last frame of the simulation of logarithmic maps of pressure, jet mass fraction and specific internal energy and non-logarithmic Lorentz factor for model A2.5. |
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Figure 11: Same as Fig. 10 for model B2.5. |
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Figure 12: Same as Fig. 10 for model D2.5. |
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Figure 13: Same as Fig. 10 for model B05. |
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Figure 14: Same as Fig. 10 for model D05. |
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Figure 15: Same as Fig. 10 for model A10. |
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Figure 16: Same as Fig. 10 for model B10. |
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Figure 17: Same as Fig. 10 for model D10. |
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Figure 18: Same as Fig. 10 for model B20. |
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Figure 19: Same as Fig. 10 for model D20. |
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Figure 20: Averaged transversal structure in the final state of the jets corresponding to models A2.5 ( upper panels), D10 ( middle), and B20 ( bottom). Left panel (thermodynamical quantities): solid line, tracer; dotted line, rest mass density; dashed line, specific internal energy. Right panels (dynamical quantities): solid line, longitudinal velocity; dotted line, lorentz factor normalized to the initial value in the jet; dashed line, longitudinal momentum normalized to the initial value in the jet. Specific internal energy for model D10 was divided by 100 to fit in the scale. |
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Figure 21:
Relativistic internal jet Mach number (Mj) versus jet
Lorentz factor (![]() |
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Figure A.1:
Left panel: evolution of the mean width of the jet/ambient
mixing layer (for tracer values between 0.05 and 0.95) with time.
Right panel: evolution of the normalized total longitudinal momentum
in the jet as a function of time. As in Fig. 6, dotted
lines stand for ![]() ![]() |
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Figure A.2: Snapshot at the last frame of the simulation of jet mass fraction ( left panel) and Lorentz factor ( right panel) for model B05. |
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Figure A.3: Model D05. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure A.4: Model B20. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure A.5: Model D20. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure B.1: Left panel: evolution of the mean width of the jet/ambient mixing layer (for tracer values between 0.05 and 0.95) with time. Right panel: evolution of the normalized total longitudinal momentum in the jet as a function of time. Lines represent the same models as in Fig. A.1. |
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Figure B.2: Model B05. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure B.3: Model D05. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure B.4: Model B20. Same as Fig. A.2. |
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Figure B.5: Model D20. Same as Fig. A.2. |