Table 1: Definitions of variables.
$A_{\rm V}$ Ring particle bolometric Bond albedo

$A_{\rm S}$ Saturn bolometric Bond albedo =0.342

B Earth elevation above the ring plane

B' Solar elevation above the ring plane

$C_{\rm H}$ Specific heat ( ${\rm J~kg^{-1}~K^{-1}}$ )

C(B', $\tau$ ) Particle fractional lit area

C(B, $\tau$ ) Particle fractional visible area

$D_{\rm AU}$ Sun-Saturn distance in astronomical units

$\epsilon_{\rm ir}$ Infrared emissivity of ring particles, $\epsilon_{\rm ir}=1$

F₁ Direct sunlight

F₂ Sunlight reflected by Saturn

F₃ Thermal radiation from Saturn

F₄ Sunlight scattered by nearby particles

$\Gamma$ Thermal inertia ( ${\rm J ~m^{-2}~ K^{-1} ~s^{-1/2}}$ )

K Thermal conductivity ( ${\rm W~m^{-1}~K^{-1}}$ )

$\mu$ sin(B)

$\Omega_{\rm P}$ Solid angle of the lit planet hemisphere

$\Omega^{'}_{\rm P}$ Solid angle of the planet hemisphere

$\Omega_R$ Solid angle subtended by all nearby particles

p Porosity of the particle regolith

z Depth in particle

$\rho_0, \rho$ Volume density of the regolith ( $\rho_0=918$ ${\rm kg~m^{-3}}$ )

$S,~\sigma$ Solar constant =1370 ${\rm W~m^{-2}}$ , Stefan constant

$\tau$ Ring optical depth

${T_{\rm B}}$ Ring brightness temperature

$T_{\rm S}$ Particle surface temperature

$T_{\rm P}$ Saturn planet effective temperature, $T_{\rm P}=95$ K

$\omega$ Particle mean motion

**Table 1:** Definitions of variables.
$A_{\rm V}$	Ring particle bolometric Bond albedo
$A_{\rm S}$	Saturn bolometric Bond albedo =0.342
B	Earth elevation above the ring plane
B'	Solar elevation above the ring plane
$C_{\rm H}$	Specific heat ( ${\rm J~kg^{-1}~K^{-1}}$ )
C(B', $\tau$ )	Particle fractional lit area
C(B, $\tau$ )	Particle fractional visible area
$D_{\rm AU}$	Sun-Saturn distance in astronomical units
$\epsilon_{\rm ir}$	Infrared emissivity of ring particles, $\epsilon_{\rm ir}=1$
F₁	Direct sunlight
F₂	Sunlight reflected by Saturn
F₃	Thermal radiation from Saturn
F₄	Sunlight scattered by nearby particles
$\Gamma$	Thermal inertia ( ${\rm J ~m^{-2}~ K^{-1} ~s^{-1/2}}$ )
K	Thermal conductivity ( ${\rm W~m^{-1}~K^{-1}}$ )
$\mu$	sin(B)
$\Omega_{\rm P}$	Solid angle of the lit planet hemisphere
$\Omega^{'}_{\rm P}$	Solid angle of the planet hemisphere
$\Omega_R$	Solid angle subtended by all nearby particles
p	Porosity of the particle regolith
z	Depth in particle
$\rho_0, \rho$	Volume density of the regolith ( $\rho_0=918$ ${\rm kg~m^{-3}}$ )
$S,~\sigma$	Solar constant =1370 ${\rm W~m^{-2}}$ , Stefan constant
$\tau$	Ring optical depth
${T_{\rm B}}$	Ring brightness temperature
$T_{\rm S}$	Particle surface temperature
$T_{\rm P}$	Saturn planet effective temperature, $T_{\rm P}=95$ K
$\omega$	Particle mean motion

Source LaTeX | All tables | In the text

	1 Introduction
	2 Observations
	3 Eclipse thermal model
	4 Results and discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References