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Figure 1: New observations of CO and HCN radio line emission. |
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Figure 2: Observed SEDs for the seven carbon stars with detected detached molecular shells. Best-fit models to the observed SEDs are overlayed (solid line). The model SEDs are composed of a stellar part (dashed line), a present-day wind (dotted line), and a detached shell (dash-dotted line). The model SEDs have been corrected for interstellar extinction. Stellar and envelope parameters are summarized in Tables 3 and 4. |
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Figure 3:
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Figure 4:
The shell dust (
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Figure 5:
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Figure 6:
Best fit models (solid line) including both the present-day wind and detached shell emission overlayed on observed spectra (histograms) for U Ant and U Cam. The uncertainty in the intensity scale is ![]() |
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Figure 7:
The present-day-wind gas expansion velocity ( upper panel) and mass-loss rate ( lower panel) plotted as a function of the radius of the shell (![]() |
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Figure 8:
The shell expansion velocity (
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Figure 9:
The dust-to-gas ratio (![]() ![]() |
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Figure 10: Relation between the radius of the shell as determined from dust and gas modelling, respectively. |
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