Symbol | Description | Value | Units |
G | Newtonian gravitational constant |
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m3 kg-1 s-2 |
c | speed of light in vacuum |
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m s-1 |
GM | Sun's GM |
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m3 s-2 |
R | Sun's equatorial radius |
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m |
J | Sun's proper angular momentum |
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kg m2 s-1 |
AU | astronomical unit |
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m |
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Mercury's semimajor axis | 0.38709893 | AU |
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Venus's semimajor axis | 0.72333199 | AU |
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Earth's semimajor axis | 1.00000011 | AU |
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Mars's semimajor axis | 1.52366231 | AU |
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Mercury's eccentricity | 0.20563069 | - |
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Venus's eccentricity | 0.00677323 | - |
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Earth's eccentricity | 0.01671022 | - |
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Mars's eccentricity | 0.09341233 | - |
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Mercury's inclination to the ecliptic | 7.00487 | deg |
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Venus's inclination to the ecliptic | 3.39471 | deg |
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Earth's inclination to the ecliptic | 0.00005 | deg |
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Mars's inclination to the ecliptic | 1.85061 | deg |