Table A.1: Reactions and rate coefficients adopted in our chemical model. The parameters $\alpha $, $\beta $, and $\gamma $ define the rate coefficients k cm3 s-1 at temperature T through the relation k = J $(a_{\rm g}, T)\gamma (T/300)^{\alpha } {\rm exp}(-\beta /T)$; J allows for Coulomb focusing in reactions of positive ions and negatively charged grains (Draine & Sutin 1987, Eq. (3.4)); $a_{\rm g}$ = 0.1 $\mu $m is adopted in the table. The rates s-1 of reactions induced directly by cosmic rays (crp) or indirectly by the secondary electrons, which generate H2fluorescence photons (secpho), are given by $\gamma \zeta $, where $\zeta $is the rate of cosmic ray ionization of H2. In the first three reactions (formation of H2 or HD on grain surfaces), $\gamma $ denotes the fraction of such reactions which form the specified product; the rate is calculated internally in the program from the grain parameters. Key reactions are in bold face. Numbers in parentheses are powers of 10.
Reaction $\gamma $ $\alpha $ $\beta $
H + H $\rightarrow$ H2(p) 0.25    
H + H $\rightarrow$ H2(o) 0.75    
H + D $\rightarrow$ HD 1.00    
H + crp $\rightarrow$ H+ + e- 0.46    
He + crp $\rightarrow$ He+ + e- 0.50    
H2(p) + crp $\rightarrow$ H+ + H + e- 0.04    
H2(o) + crp $\rightarrow$ H+ + H + e- 0.04    
H2(p) + crp $\rightarrow$ H + H 1.50    
H2(o) + crp $\rightarrow$ H + H 1.50    
H2(p) + crp $\rightarrow$ H2+(p) + e- 0.96    
H2(o) + crp $\rightarrow$ H2+(o) + e- 0.96    
H+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H+ + H2(p) 2.20(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + H2(p) 4.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H2(p) 1.10(-10) 0.00 0.0
H+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H+ + H2(o) 1.98(-09) 0.00 170.5
H3+(p) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + H2(o) 1.98(-09) 0.00 203.4
H3+(o) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H2(o) 1.98(-09) 0.00 137.6
H2+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + H 2.10(-09) 0.00 0.0
He+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H+ + H + He 1.10(-13) -0.24 0.0
He+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H+ + H + He 1.10(-13) -0.24 0.0
H+ + e- $\rightarrow$ H + photon 3.61(-12) -0.75 0.0
H2+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H 1.60(-08) -0.43 0.0
H2+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H 1.60(-08) -0.43 0.0
He+ + e- $\rightarrow$ He + photon 4.50(-12) -0.67 0.0
H3+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H + H 5.10(-08) -0.52 0.0
H3+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H + H 5.10(-08) -0.52 0.0
H3+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H2(p) + H 1.13(-08) -0.52 0.0
H3+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H2(o) + H 0.57(-08) -0.52 0.0
H3+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ H2(o) + H 1.70(-08) -0.52 0.0
D + crp $\rightarrow$ D+ + e- 0.46    
HD + crp $\rightarrow$ H+ + D + e- 0.02    
HD + crp $\rightarrow$ D+ + H + e- 0.02    
HD + crp $\rightarrow$ H + D 1.50    
HD + crp $\rightarrow$ HD+ + e- 0.96    
D+ + H $\rightarrow$ H+ + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
H+ + D $\rightarrow$ D+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 41.0
D+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H+ + HD 2.10(-09) 0.00 0.0
D+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H+ + HD 2.10(-09) 0.00 0.0
H+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D+ + H2(p) 1.00(-09) 0.00 464.0
H+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D+ + H2(o) 1.00(-09) 0.00 634.5
HD+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + D 5.25(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 5.25(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + D 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H 0.66(-09) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 0.33(-09) 0.00 0.0
H3+(o) + D $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + H $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 632.0
H2D+(o) + H $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + D 0.50(-09) 0.00 578.4
H2D+(o) + H $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D 0.50(-09) 0.00 545.5
H3+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H2(p) 1.17(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H2(o) 1.17(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H2(p) 5.83(-11) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H2(o) 5.83(-11) 0.00 25.0
H3+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H2(o) 1.75(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H2(o) 1.75(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H2(p) 1.98(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H2(o) 1.98(-09) 0.00 84.0
H2D+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + H2(p) 2.44(-11) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + H2(o) 1.98(-09) 0.00 257.0
H2D+(p) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + HD 1.40(-10) 0.00 232.0
H2D+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + HD 0.70(-10) 0.00 61.5
H2D+(p) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + HD 0.70(-10) 0.00 94.4
H2D+(o) + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + HD 1.40(-10) 0.00 145.5
H2D+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + HD 0.70(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + HD 0.70(-10) 0.00 8.0
He+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H+ + D + He 5.50(-14) -0.24 0.0
He+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D+ + H + He 5.50(-14) -0.24 0.0
D+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D + photon 3.61(-12) -0.75 0.0
HD+ + e- $\rightarrow$ H + D 3.40(-09) -0.40 0.0
H2D+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H + D 4.96(-08) -0.52 0.0
H2D+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ H + H + D 4.96(-08) -0.52 0.0
H2D+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ HD + H 1.36(-08) -0.52 0.0
H2D+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ HD + H 1.36(-08) -0.52 0.0
H2D+(p) + e- $\rightarrow$ H2(p) + D 4.76(-09) -0.52 0.0
H2D+(o) + e- $\rightarrow$ H2(o) + D 4.76(-09) -0.52 0.0
D+ + H $\rightarrow$ HD+ + photon 3.90(-19) 1.80 0.0
H+ + D $\rightarrow$ HD+ + photon 3.90(-19) 1.80 0.0
H2+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + photon 7.00(-18) 1.80 0.0
HD+ + H $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + photon 1.20(-17) 1.80 0.0
HD+ + H $\rightarrow$ H+ + HD 6.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ D+ + H2(p) 6.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + H $\rightarrow$ H2+(p) + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 154.0
H2+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ HD+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2 + crp $\rightarrow$ D+ + D + e- 0.04    
D2 + crp $\rightarrow$ D + D 1.50    
D2 + crp $\rightarrow$ D2+ + e- 0.96    
H+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ D+ + HD 2.10(-09) 0.00 491.0
D+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H+ + D2 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D 5.25(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + HD $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + D $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + D $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD2+ + H $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 600.0
HD2+ + H $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 513.5
H3+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + HD 3.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H2(o) 3.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H2(p) 2.33(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H2(o) 1.17(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + HD 2.33(-10) 0.00 0.0
H3+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + HD 1.17(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H2(p) 2.60(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + H2(o) 2.60(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + D2 1.30(-10) 0.00 108.0
H2D+(o) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D2 1.30(-10) 0.00 75.0
H2D+(p) + HD $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D2 2.60(-10) 0.00 161.5
HD2+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + HD 1.00(-10) 0.00 190.0
HD2+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + HD 1.00(-10) 0.00 277.0
HD2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + HD 1.00(-10) 0.00 106.0
HD2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + HD 1.00(-10) 0.00 20.1
HD2+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D2 2.00(-10) 0.00 320.0
HD2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(p) + D2 1.00(-10) 0.00 149.5
HD2+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H3+(o) + D2 1.00(-10) 0.00 182.4
He+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ D+ + D + He 1.10(-13) -0.24 0.0
He+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ D2+ + He 2.50(-14) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D + D 3.40(-09) -0.40 0.0
HD2+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D + D + H 4.96(-08) -0.52 0.0
HD2+ + e- $\rightarrow$ HD + D 1.36(-08) -0.52 0.0
HD2+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D2 + H 4.76(-09) -0.52 0.0
D2+ + H $\rightarrow$ H+ + D2 6.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + D $\rightarrow$ D+ + HD 6.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + D $\rightarrow$ D2+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + H $\rightarrow$ HD+ + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 472.0
D2+ + D $\rightarrow$ D+ + D2 6.40(-10) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
D2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + D 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H 1.05(-09) 0.00 0.0
HD2+ + D $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H 1.00(-09) 0.00 0.0
D3+ + H $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + D 1.00(-09) 0.00 655.0
HD2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H2(p) 1.00(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H2(o) 1.00(-10) 0.00 0.0
HD2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D2 1.00(-10) 0.00 110.0
HD2+ + HD $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D2 1.00(-10) 0.00 196.5
H2D+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + HD 8.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + HD 8.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(p) + D2 $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H2(p) 8.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
H2D+(o) + D2 $\rightarrow$ D3+ + H2(o) 8.50(-10) 0.00 0.0
D3+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(p) + D2 1.50(-09) 0.00 352.0
D3+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ H2D+(o) + D2 1.50(-09) 0.00 268.0
D3+ + H2(p) $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + HD 1.50(-09) 0.00 241.0
D3+ + H2(o) $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + HD 1.50(-09) 0.00 70.5
D3+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D + D + D 2.03(-08) -0.50 0.0
D3+ + e- $\rightarrow$ D2 + D 6.75(-09) -0.50 0.0
D2+ + D2 $\rightarrow$ D3+ + D 2.10(-09) 0.00 0.0
D3+ + HD $\rightarrow$ HD2+ + D2 1.50(-09) 0.00 161.5
g0 + secpho $\rightarrow$ g+ + e- 0.63(08)    
g- + secpho $\rightarrow$ g0 + e- 0.41(09)    
g0 + e- $\rightarrow$ g- + photon 6.90(-05) 0.50 0.0
g- + H+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + H 1.60(-06) 0.50 0.0
g- + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + H2(p) + H 3.07(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + H2(o) + H 1.54(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H3+(o) $\rightarrow$ g0 + H2(o) + H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + 3H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H3+(o) $\rightarrow$ g0 + 3H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + He+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + He 8.00(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + H 1.60(-06) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + H2(p) + H 3.07(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + H2(o) H 1.54(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H3+(o) $\rightarrow$ g+ + H2(o) H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H3+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + 3H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H3+(o) $\rightarrow$ g+ + 3H 4.61(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + He+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + He 8.00(-07) 0.50 0.0
g+ + e- $\rightarrow$ g0 + photon 6.90(-05) 0.50 0.0
g- + D+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + D 1.13(-06) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + H2(p) + D 1.33(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + HD + H 2.66(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g0 + H2(o) + D 1.33(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g0 + HD + H 2.66(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g0 + D + 2H 3.99(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g0 + D + 2H 3.99(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + D+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + D 1.13(-06) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + H2(p) + D 1.33(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + HD + H 2.66(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g+ + H2(o) + D 1.33(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g+ + HD + H 2.66(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(p) $\rightarrow$ g+ + D + 2H 3.99(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + H2D+(o) $\rightarrow$ g+ + D + 2H 3.99(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + HD + D 2.38(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + D2 + H 1.19(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + 2D + H 3.57(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + HD + D 2.38(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + D2 + H 1.19(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + HD2+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + 2D + H 3.57(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + D3+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + D2 + D 3.26(-07) 0.50 0.0
g- + D3+ $\rightarrow$ g0 + 3D 3.26(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + D3+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + D2 + D 3.26(-07) 0.50 0.0
g0 + D3+ $\rightarrow$ g+ + 3D 3.26(-07) 0.50 0.0


Source LaTeX | All tables | In the text