Table 6: The Distance Modulus of LMC independent of the P-L relation of Cepheids.
Authors $\mu^0$ Method
Van Leeuwen et al. (1997) $18.54\pm0.18$ HIPPARCOS parallaxes of Miras
Panagia (1999) $18.58\pm0.05$ Ring around SN 1987A
Walker (1999) $18.54\pm0.08$ Eclipsing binary, SN 1987A ring, Miras, RR Lyr
Sandage et al. (1999) $18.56\pm0.10$ RR Lyr
Kovács (2000) $18.52(\pm0.10)$ Double mode RR Lyr
Sakai et al. (2000) $18.59\pm0.09$ Tip of RGB
Cioni et al. (2000) $18.55\pm0.04$ Tip of RGB
Romaniello et al. (2000) $18.59\pm0.09$ Tip of RGB
Whitelock & Feast (2000) $18.64\pm0.14$ HIPPARCOS parallaxes of Miras
Groenewegen & Salaris (2001) $18.42\pm0.07$ Eclipsing binary
Girardi & Salaris (2001) $18.55\pm0.05$ Red-clump stars
Pietrzynski & Gieren (2002) $18.47(\pm0.10)$ Tip of RGB
Keller & Wood (2002) $18.55(\pm0.02)$ Models of bump Cepheids
Adopted $18.54\pm0.02$ (statistical)


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