We have presented high resolution spectroscopic observations
of a pair of DLAs separated by 2000 km s-1 (
11 Mpc
h70-1)
at
and propose the possibility that these absorbers
may form part of an extended structure.
Absorbing structures of similar size at high z have previously
been inferred from multiple lines of sight, for example the posited
super-cluster at
towards Tol 1037-2704 (Sargent & Steidel 1987).
However, this is the
first time that the abundances of two proximate DLAs in a single line of sight
have been studied in detail. One other multiple
system, a triple DLA towards CTQ 247 (Lopez et al. 2000), has been
recorded in the literature and a program has been initiated to
study its abundances.
Although we have found that the metallicity of
both DLAs is typical of that measured in other such systems at the
same redshift, there is evidence from their unusual abundance ratios
that these absorbers may have experienced somewhat different
star formation histories than most other documented DLAs.
This evidence comes from the generally
low /Fe-peak abundances of both DLAs, and the DLA
in the group towards Q0201+1120 (Ellison et al. 2001), suggestive that
their global environment may have played some role in their evolution.
Despite the possible effects of saturation (in the case of O I
1302)
and atypically low amounts of dust (which may explain [S/Fe]), the low [Si/Fe]
compared to the large number of literature values remains convincing
evidence that star formation history may be responsible for these ratios.
Such low
/Fe-peak abundances are usually interpreted as
the signatures of low star formation rates, or of an ISM enriched
by an early generation of stars that is now evolving quiescently.
Therefore, the abundances observed here are reminiscent of the
truncated activity observed in lower z clusters.
At intermediate redshifts (
),
observations indicate that star formation is suppressed in rich
cluster galaxies (possibly after an initial burst of enhanced activity)
by processes such as ram pressure and tidal stripping (Couch et al. 2001 and
references therein). Just as this process manifests itself as
an excess of post-starburst (E + A) galaxies with no strong emission
lines but strong Balmer absorption, so we may expect to see the
chemical signature of star formation truncation. However, it
would be somewhat surprising if such processes already have such
an effect on star formation at
where environments
are relatively poor and canonical rich clusters have yet to
form. In addition, although the kinematics of these DLAs, determined
from the unsaturated metal lines, extend over
100 km s-1,
this is not atypical of the range exhibited by other DLAs, i.e.
there is no evidence for significant disturbance of the ISM.
Follow-up observations of this field, by either multi-colour (to
determine photometric redshifts) or narrow band Lyman
imaging are
clearly of great interest to confirm the richness of the environment
around these DLAs. In addition, it is important
to identify other multiple DLAs and follow them up with high
resolution spectroscopy in order to ascertain whether DLAs in
groups exhibit distinct abundances from their "field'' counterparts.
Acknowledgements
S.L. acknowledges financial support by FONDECYT grant No. 3000001 and by the Deutsche Zentralstelle für Arbeitsvermittlung. We are grateful to Marcin Sawicki for useful discussions and to Max Pettini and Jason Prochaska (the referee) for comments and suggestions that have helped to improve this work.
Copyright ESO 2001