| Issue |
A&A
Volume 685, May 2024
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | A86 | |
| Number of page(s) | 8 | |
| Section | Planets and planetary systems | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202346519 | |
| Published online | 14 May 2024 | |
Protoplanet collisions: New scaling laws from smooth particle hydrodynamics simulations
1
Department of Physics, New York University Abu Dhabi,
PO Box 129188,
Abu Dhabi,
UAE
e-mail: sc6459@nyu.edu
2
Center for Astrophysics and Space Science (CASS), New York University Abu Dhabi,
PO Box 129188,
Abu Dhabi,
UAE
3
Center for Space Science, NYUAD Research Institute, New York University Abu Dhabi,
PO Box 129188,
Abu Dhabi,
UAE
Received:
28
March
2023
Accepted:
30
January
2024
One common approach for solving collisions between protoplanets in simulations of planet formation is to employ analytical scaling laws. The most widely used one was developed by Leinhardt & Stewart (2012, ApJ, 745, 79) from a catalog of ~180 N-body simulations of rubble–pile collisions. In this work, we use a new catalogue of more than 20 000 SPH simulations to test the validity and the prediction capability of Leinhardt & Stewart (2012, ApJ, 745, 79) scaling laws. We find that these laws overestimate the fragmentation efficiency in the merging regime and they are not able to properly reproduce the collision outcomes in the super-catastrophic regime. In the merging regime, we also notice a significant dependence between the collision outcome, in terms of the largest remnant mass, and the relative mass of the colliding protoplanets. Here, we present a new set of scaling laws that are able to better predict the collision outcome in all regimes and it is also able to reproduce the observed dependence on the mass ratio. We compare our new scaling laws against a machine learning approach and obtain similar prediction efficiency.
Key words: astronomical databases: miscellaneous / celestial mechanics / minor planets, asteroids: general / planets and satellites: formation / planets and satellites: physical evolution / planets and satellites: terrestrial planets
© The Authors 2024
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
This article is published in open access under the Subscribe to Open model. Subscribe to A&A to support open access publication.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.