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Issue A&A
Volume 500, Number 2, June III 2009
Page(s) L1 - L4
Section Letters
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200912265
Published online 13 May 2009

A&A 500, L1-L4 (2009)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200912265

Letter

Strong [CII] emission at high redshift

R. Maiolino1, P. Caselli2, T. Nagao3, M. Walmsley4, C. De Breuck5, and M. Meneghetti6, 7

1  INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, via di Frascati 33, 00040 Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
    e-mail: maiolino@oa-roma.inaf.it
2  School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
3  Research Center for Space and Cosmic Evolution, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
4  Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy
5  European Southern Observatory, Karl Schwarzschild Strasse 2, 85748 Garching, Germany
6  INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna, via Ranzani 1, 40127 Bologna, Italy
7  INFN, Sezione di Bologna, viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, Italy

Received 3 April 2009 / Accepted 21 April 2009

Abstract
We report the detection of the [CII]157.74 $\mu$m fine-structure line in the lensed galaxy BRI 0952-0115 at z=4.43, using the APEX telescope. This is the first detection of the [CII] line in a source with $L_{\rm FIR} < 10^{13}~L_\odot$ at high redshift. The line is much stronger than previous [CII] detections at high-z (a factor of 5–8 higher in flux), partly due to the lensing amplification. The $L_{\rm [CII]}/L_{\rm FIR}$ ratio is 10-2.9, which is higher than observed in local galaxies with similar infrared luminosities. Together with previous observations of [CII] at high redshift, our result suggests that the [CII] emission in high-redshift galaxies is enhanced relative to local galaxies with the same infrared luminosity. This finding may result from selection effects of the few current observations of [CII] at high redshift and, in particular, from non detections that may not have been published (although the few published upper limits are still consistent with the [CII] enhancement scenario). If the trend is confirmed with larger samples, it would indicate that high-z galaxies are characterized by different physical conditions than for their local counterparts. Regardless of the physical origin of the trend, this effect would increase the potential of the [CII]158 $\mu$m line to search and characterize high-z sources.


Key words: galaxies: high-redshift -- galaxies: ISM -- submillimeter -- infrared: galaxies



© ESO 2009


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