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Issue A&A
Volume 436, Number 3, June IV 2005
Page(s) 805 - 815
Section Extragalactic astronomy
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20035593



A&A 436, 805-815 (2005)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20035593

Fast growth of supermassive black holes in galaxies

F. Munyaneza and P. L. Biermann

Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie, Auf dem Hügel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany
    e-mail: munyanez@mpifr-bonn.mpg.de

(Received 29 October 2003 / Accepted 24 February 2005 )

Abstract
We report on a calculation of the growth of the mass of supermassive black holes at galactic centers from dark matter and Eddington - limited baryonic accretion. Assuming that dark matter halos are made of fermions and harbor compact degenerate Fermi balls of masses from $10^{3}~M_{\odot}$ to $10^{6}~M_{\odot}$, we find that dark matter accretion can boost the mass of seed black holes from about $\sim $ $5~M_{\odot}$ to $10^{3-4}~M_{\odot}$ black holes, which then grow by Eddington-limited baryonic accretion to supermassive black holes of $10^{6{-}9}~M_{\odot}$. We then show that the formation of the recently detected supermassive black hole of $3\times 10^{9}~M_{\odot}$ at a redshift of z = 6.41 in the quasar SDSS J114816.64+525150.3 could be understood if the black hole completely consumes the degenerate Fermi ball and then grows by Eddington-limited baryonic accretion. In the context of this model we constrain the dark matter particle masses to be within the range from 12  ${\rm keV}/c^{2}$ to about 450  ${\rm keV}/c^{2}$. Finally we investigate the black hole growth dependence on the formation time and on the mass of the seed black hole. We find that in order to fit the observed data point of $M_{\rm BH} \sim 3 \times 10^{9}~M_{\odot}$ and $z \sim 6.41$, dark matter accretion cannot start later than about $2 \times 10^{8}$ years and the seed BH cannot be greater than about $10^{4}~M_{\odot}$. Our results are in full agreement with the WMAP observations that indicate that the first onset of star formation might have occurred at a redshift of $z \sim 15 {-} 20$. For other models of dark matter particle masses, corresponding constraints may be derived from the growth of black holes in the center of galaxies.


Key words: black holes physics -- galaxies: nuclei -- cosmology: dark matter -- galaxies: quasars: general

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© ESO 2005


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