EDP Sciences Journals List
Advanced Search
Subscriber Authentication Point
Home All issues Volume 430/ 3 Article

Free access article

Issue A&A
Volume 430, Number 3, February II 2005
Page(s) L69 - L72
Section Letters
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:200400131



A&A 430, L69-L72 (2005)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:200400131

Letter

XMM-Newton detection of hot gas in the Eskimo Nebula: Shocked stellar wind or collimated outflows?

M. A. Guerrero1, Y.-H. Chu2, R. A. Gruendl2 and M. Meixner3

1  Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía, CSIC, Apartado Correos 3004, 18080, Granada, Spain
    e-mail: mar@iaa.es
2  Astronomy Department, University of Illinois, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
    e-mail: [chu;gruendl]@astro.uiuc.edu
3  Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
    e-mail: meixner@stsci.edu

(Received 1 December 2004 / Accepted 19 December 2004 )

Abstract
The Eskimo Nebula (NGC 2392) is a double-shell planetary nebula (PN) known for the exceptionally large expansion velocity of its inner shell, ~90 km s -1, and the existence of a fast bipolar outflow with a line-of-sight expansion velocity approaching 200 km s -1. We have obtained XMM-Newton observations of the Eskimo and detected diffuse X-ray emission within its inner shell. The X-ray spectra suggest thin plasma emission with a temperature of ~2  $\times$ 10 6 K and an X-ray luminosity of $L_{\rm X} = (2.6\pm1.0)$   $\times$ $10^{31} (d/1150~{\rm pc})^2$ erg s -1, where  d is the distance in parsecs. The diffuse X-ray emission shows noticeably different spatial distributions between the 0.2-0.65 keV and 0.65-2.0 keV bands. High-resolution X-ray images of the Eskimo are needed to determine whether its diffuse X-ray emission originates from shocked fast wind or bipolar outflows.


Key words: ISM: planetary nebulae: general -- ISM: planetary nebulae: individual: NGC 2392 -- stars: winds, outflows

SIMBAD Objects



© ESO 2005

What is OpenURL?

The OpenURL standard is a protocol for transmission of metadata describing the resource that you wish to access. An OpenURL link contains article metadata and directs it to the OpenURL server of your choice. The OpenURL server can provide access to the resource and also offer complementary services (specific search engine, export of references...). The OpenURL link can be generated by different means.
  • If your librarian has set up your subscription with an OpenURL resolver, OpenURL links appear automatically on the abstract pages.
  • You can define your own OpenURL resolver with your EDPS Account. In this case your choice will be given priority over that of your library.
  • You can use an add-on for your browser (Firefox or I.E.) to display OpenURL links on a page (see http://www.openly.com/openurlref/). You should disable this module if you wish to use the OpenURL server that you or your library have defined.