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Issue A&A
Volume 369, Number 1, April I 2001
Page(s) 42 - 48
Section Extragalactic astronomy
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20010096



A&A 369, 42-48 (2001)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20010096

HI 21 cm absorption in low $\vec z$ damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems

N. Kanekar and J. N. Chengalur

National Centre for Radio Astrophysics, Post Bag 3, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411 007, India

(Received 27 November 2000 / Accepted 11 January 2001 )

Abstract
We report Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) 21 cm observations of two confirmed and one candidate low redshift damped Lyman-$\alpha$ systems (DLAS). HI absorption was detected in the two confirmed systems, at z = 0.2378 and z = 0.5247, with spin temperatures of $2050 \pm 200$ K and $330 \pm 70$ K respectively. The non-detection of absorption in the third (candidate) system places an upper limit on its optical depth, which in turn implies a $3\sigma$ lower limit of 850 K on its spin temperature. Ground based K-band imaging observations (Turnshek et al. 2000) have identified the low $T_{\rm s}$ absorber with a spiral galaxy while the high $T_{\rm s}$ system appears to be an LSB galaxy. This continues the trend noted earlier by Chengalur & Kanekar (2000) of low spin temperatures for DLAS associated with spiral galaxies and high spin temperatures for those with no such association. Combining these new results with 21 cm observations from the published literature, we find that (1) The 21 cm equivalent width (EW21) of DLAS increases with increasing $N_{\rm {HI}}$. Further, absorbers associated with spiral galaxies have systematically higher EW21 at the same $N_{\rm {HI}}$ than DLAS with no such association, (2) DLAS at high redshift ($z \ga 2$) have small velocity spreads $\Delta V$, while, at low redshift ($z \la 2$), both large and small $\Delta V$ are observed. These trends are in qualitative agreement with hierarchical models of galaxy formation.


Key words: galaxies: evolution -- galaxies: formation -- galaxies: ISM -- cosmology: observations -- radio lines: galaxies

Offprint request: N. Kanekar, nissim@ncra.tifr.res.in

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