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A&A 437, 189-208 (2005)
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20042339

A 10 $\mathsf{\mu}$m spectroscopic survey of Herbig Ae star disks: Grain growth and crystallization

R. van Boekel1, 2, M. Min1, L. B. F. M. Waters1, 3, A. de Koter1, C. Dominik1, M. E. van den Ancker2 and J. Bouwman4

1  Astronomical Institute "Anton Pannekoek", University of Amsterdam, Kruislaan 403, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    e-mail: vboekel@science.uva.nl
2  European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschildstrasse 2, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
3  Instituut voor Sterrenkunde, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200B, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
4  Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie, Königstuhl 17, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany



(Received 9 November 2004 / Accepted 4 March 2005)

Abstract
We present spectroscopic observations of a large sample of Herbig Ae stars in the 10 $\mu$m spectral region. We perform compositional fits of the spectra based on properties of homogeneous as well as inhomogeneous spherical particles, and derive the mineralogy and typical grain sizes of the dust responsible for the 10 $\mu$m emission. Several trends are reported that can constrain theoretical models of dust processing in these systems: i) none of the sources consists of fully pristine dust comparable to that found in the interstellar medium; ii) all sources with a high fraction of crystalline silicates are dominated by large grains; iii) the disks around more massive stars ($M \ga 2.5$ ${M}_{\odot}$, $L \ga 60$ ${L}_{\odot}$) have a higher fraction of crystalline silicates than those around lower mass stars, iv) in the subset of lower mass stars ($M \la 2.5$ ${M}_{\odot}$) there is no correlation between stellar parameters and the derived crystallinity of the dust. The correlation between the shape and strength of the 10 micron silicate feature reported by van Boekel et al. (2003) is reconfirmed with this larger sample. The evidence presented in this paper is combined with that of other studies to present a likely scenario of dust processing in Herbig Ae systems. We conclude that the present data favour a scenario in which the crystalline silicates are produced in the innermost regions of the disk, close to the star, and transported outward to the regions where they can be detected by means of 10 micron spectroscopy. Additionally, we conclude that the final crystallinity of these disks is reached very soon after active accretion has stopped.


Key words: stars: circumstellar matter -- stars: pre-main sequence -- infrared: ISM -- ISM: lines and bands -- dust, extinction

SIMBAD Objects in preparation



© ESO 2005


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